Efectos adversos relacionados al uso de AINEs en el manejo de osteoartritis felina y canina

Adverse effects related to the use of NSAIDs in the management of feline and canine osteoarthritis

Contenido principal del artículo

Daniela González-Corrales
Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. Escuela de Farmacia. San José, Costa Rica
Tatiana Monge-Quirós
Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. Escuela de Farmacia. San José, Costa Rica
Ramses Alfaro-Mora
Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. Escuela de Farmacia. San José, Costa Rica.

Resumen

El mecanismo de acción de los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINEs) consiste en reducir la producción de prostaglandinas (PG) a través de la inhibición de la enzima ciclooxigenasa (COX). Los pacientes más propensos a los efectos secundarios son aquellos de edad avanzada, debido a la reducción de su metabolismo y la excreción del fármaco. Se recomienda no administrar AINEs en pacientes hipovolémicos, deshidratados o hipotensos, y de especial cuidado en pacientes con disfunción cardíaca, renal, hepática, gastrointestinal y hemostática. Los AINEs han sido ampliamente utilizados en el tratamiento del dolor a largo plazo. La eficacia de carprofeno ha sido respaldada por la mayor cantidad de estudios, seguido por meloxicam y firocoxib. Sin embargo, estos pueden causar ulceraciones gástricas, perforaciones y hemorragias entre otros efectos adversos de tipo gastrointestinal, renal y hepático. Existe una marcada diferencia farmacocinética y farmacodinámica entre caninos y felinos que corresponden a diferencias en el metabolismo. La administración de ibuprofeno por lo general no se recomienda en perros, existe el riesgo de ocasionar efectos adversos como ulceraciones gástricas y perforaciones cuando se utiliza terapéuticamente, y posiblemente por muchos AINEs. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir los principales efectos adversos relacionados al uso de AINEs en felinos y caninos, lograr identificar y seleccionar los que aún hoy en día se pueda administrar como analgésico y antiinflamatorio no esteroideo con fines terapéuticos, en el manejo de inflamación, dolor y fiebre en el manejo de osteoartritis (OA) en estas especies en el control y cuidado en los intervalos de dosificación.

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Detalles del artículo

Biografía del autor/a (VER)

Daniela González-Corrales, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. Escuela de Farmacia. San José, Costa Rica

Daniela González-Corrales. Lic.

dgcorrales93@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6457-0748

Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. Escuela de Farmacia. San José, Costa Rica.

Tatiana Monge-Quirós, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. Escuela de Farmacia. San José, Costa Rica

Tatiana Monge-Quirós. Lic.

tatimq30@hotmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5431-780X

Universidad Latina de Costa Rica. Escuela de Farmacia. San José, Costa Rica.

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