Vacunas anticonceptivas y para inmunocastración. Su aplicación en la Medicina Veterinaria.
Contraception and immunocastration vaccines. Use in veterinary medicine
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Campal-Espinosa, A., Junco-Barranco, J., Fuentes-Aguilar, F., Calzada-Aguilera, L., & Bover Campal, A. (2020). Vacunas anticonceptivas y para inmunocastración. Su aplicación en la Medicina Veterinaria. Revista Colombiana De Ciencia Animal - RECIA, 12(2), e760. https://doi.org/10.24188/recia.v12.n2.2020.760
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Contenido principal del artículo
Autores
Ana Cristina Campal-Espinosa
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5488-3767
Jesús Arturo Junco-Barranco
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9391-3102
Franklin Fuentes-Aguilar
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-0558
Lesvia Calzada-Aguilera
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3662-2162
Ana Claudia Bover Campal
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4126-9597
Resumen
A nivel mundial, el desarrollo y la aplicación de vacunas para controlar la fertilidad en los animales, está creciendo indeteniblemente. En los últimos años se han corroborado sus beneficios productivos para el manejo y el bienestar de los animales, lo que ha contribuido a mejorar la percepción pública sobre sus impactos. Este artículo revisa los avances obtenidos en este campo, en particular, las vacunas de inmunocastración, tras la evaluación de los resultados de su aplicación en los últimos años. Las principales dianas antigénicas de estas vacunas son las proteínas de la zona pelúcida, las proteínas estructurales de los espermatozoides y las hormonas sexuales. En la actualidad están disponibles en el mercado varias vacunas basadas en GnRH, con eficacia y eficiencia comprobadas para la inmunocastración de los machos y el control de la fertilidad en las hembras. Sin embargo, los investigadores deberán resolver cuestiones como la reducción del número de inmunizaciones, el logro de una mayor inmunogenicidad y el desarrollo de nuevas formulaciones para facilitar la aplicación y liberación de estas vacunas en los diversos hábitats donde transcurre la vida animal y en las diferentes condiciones de la crianza ganadera. El control de la fertilidad basado en métodos que garantizan la eficiencia productiva y el bienestar animal es una necesidad incesante de la práctica moderna de la medicina veterinaria.
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Detalles del artículo
Referencias
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2. Rault JL, Lay DC Jr., Marchant-Forde JN. Castration induced pain in pigs and other livestock. Appl Anim Behav Sci. 2011; 135:214-225. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.017
3. Mallory DA, Nash JM, Ellersieck MR, Smith MF, Patterson DJ. Comparison of long-term progestin-based protocols to synchronize estrus before fixed-time artificial insemination in beef heifers. Anim. Sci. 2011; 89:1358–1365. https://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2010-3694
4. Báez G, Grajales H. Anestro post parto en ganado bovino en el trópico. Rev MVZ Cordoba. 2009; 14(3):1867-1875 https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.347
5. ACC&D. Contraception and fertility control in dogs and cats: A report of the alliance for contraception in dogs and cats. 5. Marketing overview and issues. Alliance for Contraception in Cats & Dogs - ACC&D. 2013. https://www.acc-d.org/docs/default-source/Resource-Library-Docs/accd-e-book.pdf?sfvrsn=0
6. Candek–Potokar M, Skrlep M, Batorek Lukac N. Raising entire males or immunocastrates – outlook on meat quality. Procedia Food Sci. 2015; 5:30–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profoo.2015.09.008
7. European Commission. European declaration on alternatives to surgical castration of pigs. [Internet]. 2018. [access January 2019]. URL available at: https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/animals/docs/aw_prac_farm_pigs_cast-alt_declaration_en.pdf
8. PIGCAS. Report on recommendations for research and policy support. Deliverable D4.1 of the EU project PIGCAS: attitude, practices and state of the art regarding piglet castration in Europe. [Internet]. Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique: Francia; 2009. URL available at: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/43969/de
9. Han X, Zhou Y, Zeng Y, Sui F, Liu Y, Tan Y, Cao X, Du X, Meng F, Zeng X. Effects of active immunization against GnRH versus surgical castration on hypothalamic-pituitary function in boars. Theriogenology. 2017; 97:89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.04.038
10. Aluwé M, Vanhonacker F, Millet S, Tuyttens AM. Influence of hands-on experience on pig farmers’ attitude towards alternatives for surgical castration of male piglets. Res Vet Sci. 2015; 103:80-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.09.019
11. De Roest K, Montanari C, Fowler T, Baltussen, W. Resource efficiency and economic implications of alternatives to surgical castration without anaesthesia. Animal. 2009; 3(11):1522-1531. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109990516
12. Meeusen ENT, Walker J, Peters A, Pastoret PP, Jungersen G. Current status of veterinary vaccines. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007; 20(3):489–510. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00005-07
13. Gupta SK, Shrestha A, Minhas V. Milestones in contraceptive vaccines development and hurdles in their application. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014; 10(4):911-925. https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.27202
14. Gupta SK, Bhandari B, Shrestha A, Biswal BK, Palaniappan C, Malhotra SS, Gupta N. Mammalian zona pellucida glycoproteins: structure and function during fertilization. Cell Tissue Res. 2012; 349:665-678. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-011-1319-y
15. Bechert US, Fraker MA. Twenty Years of SpayVac® Research: Potential Implications for Regulating Feral Horse and Burro Populations in the United States. HUM-WILDL INTERACT. 2018; 12(1):Article13. https://doi.org/10.26077/q4yh-6m43
16. Roelle JE, Germanie SS, Kene AJ, Cade BS. Efficacy of SpayVac as a Contraceptive in Feral Horses. Wildl Soc Bull. 2017; 41(1):107–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.729
17. Rutberg AT, Naugle RE, Turner JW, Fraker MA, Flanagan DR. Field testing of single-administration porcine zona pellucida contraceptive vaccines in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Wildl Res. 2013; 40(4):281-288. https://doi.org/10.1071/WR12117
18. Rutberg AK, Grams JW, Turner Jr, Hopkins H. Contraceptive efficacy of priming and boosting doses of controlled-release PZP in wild horses. Wildl Res. 2017; 44(2):174–181. https://doi.org/10.1071/WR16123
19. Joonè CJ, Schulman ML and Bertschinger HJ. Ovarian dysfunction associated with zona pellucida-based immunocontraceptive vaccines. Theriogenology. 2017; 89:329-337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.018
20. Mohammad I, Khilwani B, Ansari AS, Lohiya NK. Contraceptive vaccines: Implications in male and female fertility regulation. In: SK Gupta, NK Lohiya (ed). Molecular Medicine: Bench to bedside and beyond. First Edition. Indian Society for Study of Reproduction and Fertility; 2018.
21. Hampton JO, Hyndman TH, Barnes A, Collins T. Is Wildlife Fertility Control Always Humane? Animals. 2015; 5:1047-1071. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani5040398
22. Goldberg E, Shelton JA. Immunologic properties of LDH-C4 for contraceptive vaccine development. In: Zatuchni GI, Goldsmith A, Sciarra JJ, Spieler J (eds). Male Contraception Advances and Future Prospects. Harper and Row: Philadelphia; 1986.
23. Primakoff P, Lathrop W, Woolman L, Cowan A, Myles D. Fully effective contraception in male and female guinea pigs immunized with the sperm protein PH-20. Nature. 1988; 335:543-546. https://doi.org/10.1038/335543a0
24. Naz RK, Alexander NJ, Isahakia M, Hamilton MD. Monoclonal antibody to a human sperm membrane glycoprotein that inhibits fertilization. Science. 1984; 225:342-344. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.6539947
25. Cheema R, Vashishat N, Bansal A, Bakhri G, Gandotra V. Immuno-contraceptive potential of sperm specific LDHC4 and SPAM-1 (PH-20) sub units in dog. Open J Anim Sci. 2012; 2:265-280. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2012.24037
26. Cheema RS, Vashishat N, Bansal AK, Gandotra VK. Mutual interaction of dog sperm LDHC4, PH-20, actin and tubulin proteins and their immunocontraceptive potential in bitches. Indian J Anim Res. 2015; 49(4):461-469. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-0555.2015.00040.0
27. Tollner T, Overstreet J, Branciforte D, Primakoff P. Immunization of female cynomolgus macaques with a synthetic epitope of sperm‐specific lactate dehydrogenase results in high antibody titers but does not reduce fertility. Mol Reprod Dev. 2002; 62:257-264. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.10063
28. Moudgal NR, Jeyakumar M, Krishnamurthy HN, Sridhar S, Krishnamurthy H, Martín F. Development of male contraceptive vaccine— a perspective. Hum Reprod Update. 1997; 3(4):335–346. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/3.4.335
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